Before the report I want to say a few words about the company Hautau.
Company Hautau was founded in 1910 and for decades has grown from a small workshop in a modern manufacturer of fittings for the window industry.
A start was made framuzhnymi mechanisms, production of which has established the firm's founder William Hautai.
His son, Karl-Heinz Hautai, created and developed the theme-over and srednepovorotnyh windows.
The current leadership of the company - Peter and Gerd Hautai - the main product the company made furniture for a parallel-sliding windows and doors, as well as systems RWA - equipment for smoke and heat output. Company HAUTAU sees in this area the future market.
More than 200 patents and copyright certificates on inventions of our experts, testify to the innovative, scientific and creative approach to developing new products accessories.
"I am with you because srl consciously want to create exactly the high-of the product - the window." - The motto of which is headed by Mrs. Peter Hautai.
Windows - eyes of a house.
They give each home an individual style and its unique character - both outside and inside.
And no matter, whether new or renovated home - windows are an integral part of our quality of life. In the premises, especially residential, windows are not only the elements of engineering equipment, but also the element of the interior, along with furniture, wall and flooring.
Form window, view the profile of its color in combination with other stylistic elements like stairs and doors - and the house gets its face.
Along with the aesthetic criteria of the window must meet high quality requirements. Material of the window and its surface must be resistant to weather and environmental influences, easy to use and care, to be durable. In addition, the parameters of safety and environmental gradually gaining an increasingly high value.
A variety of technical requirements for the window are reflected in the variety of design solutions profile. Significant improvements have been made in recent years. Modern range of prefabricated windows provides greater freedom of choice for architects and clients.
Consider the basic criteria to be met by modern window designs:
1. Providing natural daylight.
There is a notion insolation - the degree of illumination by sunlight on buildings and their interiors.
So light affects not only the ability to navigate, but also on psychological and physical condition of man and his health. Over 80% of information about the world people get it through his eyes. In contrast, bats and dolphins, he is guided by vision. Scarce lighting can create uncertainty, and the constant lack of daylight affects the state of mental health. Essential need for natural light depends on the destination premises. But the design of modern buildings aesthetic value and comfort are promoted to leading positions. For example, a modern bathroom - it's not pigeonhole a half to half, used exclusively for hygiene. This is a full-fledged living room, where the owner will spend pleasant moments and hours, and not accidentally bathrooms in luxury homes designed by the exterior walls - where natural light is the main mark of a new approach to architecture. Agree, enjoy the view from the window, taking a bath - this is the very "modest charm of the bourgeoisie." Incidentally, if the hostess was used to make up it in the bathroom, daylight - the best in this business assistant.
Creating a comfortable environment of people with plenty of daylight and with it lower costs of electric energy on artificial lighting and is the main trend of modern construction.
The solution to this problem lies in the location, size and geometry of window constructions.
So, what is needed for optimum insulation of our house - the maximum use of the square window openings.
2. The atmosphere in the room and ventilation
Ventilation systems in our homes constructed simple way: hood in the kitchen, bathroom or shower and air flow, which stipulates the "natural" cracks and openings between the window frames and shutters in window openings.
During the summer, with tightly closing the windows could still somehow come to terms, wiping windowsills with rainwater and dust, but in winter, leaky windows were a big problem. However, in a room with windows from becoming air.
Modern windows thanks to a completely different constructs and modern fittings are tight, this is a big plus, but then the question arises to maintain the proper climate in the apartment.
Painful Subject repair facilities in winter conditions. Painful it is primarily for window companies, whose products are found at the site during the construction period during the "wet" work. High humidity in the room combined with low temperature on the street leading to abundant moisture condensation on double-glazed windows, Contiguity slope-frame and bound themselves windows. Especially in the case of wooden windows in contact with the condensate in the weeks and months, can lead to irreversible damage to structures. But the problem with the condensate water until the appearance of mold and fungus damage to the walls may appear and after repair in the inhabited apartments. Let's try to understand why such a problem may arise.
How does the moisture in the room?
The premises are divided into dry and wet.
To include wet kitchen, bathroom and, oddly enough, the bedroom.
Kitchen - water vapor occurs when cooking.
Bathroom - with washing, washing and drying laundry.
Bedrooms - each person during sleep provides (exhales) from 1 to 2 liters of water.
Loss of moisture is particularly intense in the bedrooms, the air temperature which is lower than in other areas, as is customary, for example, in Germany. The condensate thus falls on the window and on the side of furniture, facing the outer wall.
In the wild, even in the absence of people in an empty apartment are the sources of moisture: plants, pets and themselves elements of the interior (furniture, linens, rugs, etc.), which because of its porous structure accumulate some moisture liberated by the tenants and then release it in their absence.
Source vlagoobrazovaniya Number moisture
A person at rest, 40 g / h
Man, busy farm 90 g / h
A flower in a pot (Avg size) 10 g / h
Cooking and cleaning, washing 1000g/chas
Washer 300 g / hour
Shower / bath 2600 g / h
The free water surface of 200 g / hour
Great influence on the humidity in the room is also air temperature: not by chance humidity is "relative". And it is precisely correlated with air temperature. As shown by theoretical calculations and practical measurements (if we talk about human life of normal temperature), if you change the air temperature at 1 ° C, relative humidity is changed to 5%. Lowering the temperature at a constant amount of moisture in the air, increasing the relative humidity. That is, if the room was 18 ° C and humidity 50%, then at 17 ° C, humidity is of 55%, and at 16 ° C - over 60%! For us, all is not secret, as it is now heat our homes. The majority of apartments are now holding the thermometer in the grades 15 - 17 ° C.
Conclusion: Provide adequate ventilation during and after periods of separation of moisture and do not place furniture against the outside wall.
The need for ventilation.
Air circulation is extremely important because it allows to remove from the premises carbon dioxide, cigarette smoke, steam, kitchen odors, odors of animal origin, volatile substances secreted furniture and building materials, etc.
When burning natural gas or propane - butane gas cylinders formed from carbon dioxide and water (water vapor). In case of insufficient ventilation, carbon dioxide in the air is growing rapidly, and the oxygen content decreases.
Lack of oxygen intake can lead to incomplete combustion of gas and, consequently, the formation of highly toxic carbon monoxide (CO). The concentration of carbon dioxide in the air in the amount of 1.0% leads to a deterioration of well-being and shortness of breath, a further increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide a threat to human life. The content of CO2 in the air should not exceed 0,1-0,2%. Lowering the oxygen content from 21.0% to 16.0% leads to oxygen starvation and effects similar to those which occur during the high content of CO2. Water vapor formed during combustion of gas, laundry, cooking, drying clothes or watering the plants, increases the humidity and also harmful to human health.
Excessive moisture and high content of CO2 and create conditions for the development of mold, appearing as black spots in the cool and wet poorly ventilated areas. Thus, the elimination of moisture, air purification and enrichment of the oxygen necessary for the process of respiration, it is very important to ensure the comfort of the room.
Conclusion: The intensive ventilate and dry the space.
What is the dew point and why windows are crying?
The appearance of moisture on the window is always associated with moisture in the room, the temperature indoors and outdoors and insulating glass features. Outset that we have in mind right for the mounting of windows.
The dew point - the temperature at which air, having a baseline temperature and relative humidity, no longer able to absorb moisture. Therefore the moisture falls in the form of condensate on the surface in a room whose temperature is below the so-called "dew point". Typically, the coldest surface in the room is the surface of window glass.
Comfortable for a person moisture is 45-60%, with a humidity and temperature in the room 20? C dew point at which the condensate can fall on the glass, will be 7,5-9 ° C. The importance of dew point temperature increases with increasing humidity.
Relative humidity
internal air,% Temperature
dew point, tp, ° C outside air temperature,
at which the loss
condensation on the glazing
1950 7,5 - 16,4
1955 8,8 - 12,4
60 10,2 - 7,5
65 11,4 - 3,6
70 12,4 - 0,3
The old woodwork was natural ventilation due to micro cracks in the joints, where in and out residual moisture. When PVC windows that moisture had nowhere to go and it falls in the form of droplets on the surface, the temperature below the dew point.
Conclusion: This problem can be solved by frequent ventilation of the premises.
Ventilate the premises has the following objectives:
* Update the used and saturated with carbon dioxide air;
* Removal from the premises of harmful substances, which are formed, for example, in the presence of open flame (gas stoves, boilers, fireplaces), or while smoking;
* Removal of odors and other airborne substances (eg: the sweat, the smell when cooking, etc.);
* Reduction in the number of spores inhaled air different fungi;
* Regulation of air temperature;
* Reduce high humidity associated with human activity.
How effectively and without great loss of heat can ventilate the room? In practice, there are several methods to ensure adequate ventilation of premises:
1. Prolonged ventilation through the window, slit or opening the windows.
In this case, the window opens only partly and the exchange of indoor air has been slow. Especially in the winter time this type of ventilation can not be used for a long time during the day. In this form of ventilation heat losses are large and the volume of air replaced many times greater than its required amount. In the window of the slope surface of the structure is cooled so much that these places you can observe the formation of condensate. In the cold months of the year (from November to March) the exchange of air is amplified by a large temperature difference inside and outside the premises. The exchange of air, ie complete replacement of the old room air to a new, performed within 30-75 minutes.
2. Intensive airing on the principle of "windows wide open."
When using these types of ventilation by rapid exchange of indoor air. This window is fully open and almost all the air inside the room varies within 4-10 minutes. Effect of significant cooling designs, as in the previous method of ventilation is not observed, as the impact of cold air on the inside of the premises on a short time.
In the case of ventilation when open and window and door, is achieved even better results. At the same time all the windows in the house and the doors are opened wide open, and the house reigns draft. The exchange of air is carried out within 2-4 minutes.
From the above it becomes clear the importance of all the functions of ventilation in modern windows, and accordingly, high value individual choice configuration window and its accessories in accordance with the functionality of the room where the window will be installed.
Consider a few examples.
The stairwells, lobbies, garages, basements, warehouses or attic does not belong to the intensively heated rooms, and they can use the principle of long-term ventilation.
Using the swing-out windows or folding transoms in this case would be optimal. Highly placed transom easily manage remote framuzhnogo opener. Transom easily opened by pressing the lever or the serial changes in the angle of opening doors - with the help of the rotational "propeller" mechanism, or to ensure the highest comfort - folding scissors with electric PRIMAT-compakt, beautiful shape and easy to install, open the transom itself. The width of the opening varies from 190 to 300 mm.
For installation in a residential area's most popular window in Europe is a swing-out: it is simple, almost automatic production of standard profiles provided for many years the domination of the market. However, the air through the window can be done in two ways: long-term - in a folding position and intensity - when the door is open, but to open it to remove all items from the window sill and have enough free space in the room to open door is not hindered. Typically, such a provision for ventilation nobody uses.
The best solution for the optimal airing is-over window. For intensive aeration is not necessary each time to remove all the window sill, an open door does not and has living space. For such windows, has developed a special accessories TORNADO using which we can provide adjustable ventilation in the room of any size, changing the angle of opening doors. Thus there is a separation of air flow, and the room ventilated by one impulse, without heat loss, resulting in prolonged ventilation. Used warm air goes through the upper hole in the window, and fresh cold fills the room through the bottom, completing the cycle of air exchange.
-Over window combines advanced technology, elegant appearance, optimal functionality and comfort in use. With a single pen box easily opens and closes properly. High load capacity hardware design allows large windows up to 200 kg and maximum dimensions 2200h2700 mm - it is desirable big window with good views and the ability to supply the room with fresh air. For washing windows easily rotated 180 ° inside the premises. To prevent accidental rotation, for example in the nursery, established special limiting scissors.
In offices where the workplace is especially felt the limitations of space, but the air intake may need to ventilate the area with parallel-sliding window, simply by moving it aside. Universal parallel-sliding, folding furniture ATRIUM HKS allows tilting window for long-term ventilation and fully open the window opening for intensive ventilation. To exit to the garden or on the terrace recommended parallel-sliding doors ATRIUM HKS. They can provide free access to 4 m, and at the same door flap does not interfere and does not violate the design space. Accessories installed on the standard types of profiles, but it allows several times to increase the functionality of windows. The special detail - this pen with a built-in lock provide special protection from opening windows in children.
Company Hautau was founded in 1910 and for decades has grown from a small workshop in a modern manufacturer of fittings for the window industry.
A start was made framuzhnymi mechanisms, production of which has established the firm's founder William Hautai.
His son, Karl-Heinz Hautai, created and developed the theme-over and srednepovorotnyh windows.
The current leadership of the company - Peter and Gerd Hautai - the main product the company made furniture for a parallel-sliding windows and doors, as well as systems RWA - equipment for smoke and heat output. Company HAUTAU sees in this area the future market.
More than 200 patents and copyright certificates on inventions of our experts, testify to the innovative, scientific and creative approach to developing new products accessories.
"I am with you because srl consciously want to create exactly the high-of the product - the window." - The motto of which is headed by Mrs. Peter Hautai.
Windows - eyes of a house.
They give each home an individual style and its unique character - both outside and inside.
And no matter, whether new or renovated home - windows are an integral part of our quality of life. In the premises, especially residential, windows are not only the elements of engineering equipment, but also the element of the interior, along with furniture, wall and flooring.
Form window, view the profile of its color in combination with other stylistic elements like stairs and doors - and the house gets its face.
Along with the aesthetic criteria of the window must meet high quality requirements. Material of the window and its surface must be resistant to weather and environmental influences, easy to use and care, to be durable. In addition, the parameters of safety and environmental gradually gaining an increasingly high value.
A variety of technical requirements for the window are reflected in the variety of design solutions profile. Significant improvements have been made in recent years. Modern range of prefabricated windows provides greater freedom of choice for architects and clients.
Consider the basic criteria to be met by modern window designs:
1. Providing natural daylight.
There is a notion insolation - the degree of illumination by sunlight on buildings and their interiors.
So light affects not only the ability to navigate, but also on psychological and physical condition of man and his health. Over 80% of information about the world people get it through his eyes. In contrast, bats and dolphins, he is guided by vision. Scarce lighting can create uncertainty, and the constant lack of daylight affects the state of mental health. Essential need for natural light depends on the destination premises. But the design of modern buildings aesthetic value and comfort are promoted to leading positions. For example, a modern bathroom - it's not pigeonhole a half to half, used exclusively for hygiene. This is a full-fledged living room, where the owner will spend pleasant moments and hours, and not accidentally bathrooms in luxury homes designed by the exterior walls - where natural light is the main mark of a new approach to architecture. Agree, enjoy the view from the window, taking a bath - this is the very "modest charm of the bourgeoisie." Incidentally, if the hostess was used to make up it in the bathroom, daylight - the best in this business assistant.
Creating a comfortable environment of people with plenty of daylight and with it lower costs of electric energy on artificial lighting and is the main trend of modern construction.
The solution to this problem lies in the location, size and geometry of window constructions.
So, what is needed for optimum insulation of our house - the maximum use of the square window openings.
2. The atmosphere in the room and ventilation
Ventilation systems in our homes constructed simple way: hood in the kitchen, bathroom or shower and air flow, which stipulates the "natural" cracks and openings between the window frames and shutters in window openings.
During the summer, with tightly closing the windows could still somehow come to terms, wiping windowsills with rainwater and dust, but in winter, leaky windows were a big problem. However, in a room with windows from becoming air.
Modern windows thanks to a completely different constructs and modern fittings are tight, this is a big plus, but then the question arises to maintain the proper climate in the apartment.
Painful Subject repair facilities in winter conditions. Painful it is primarily for window companies, whose products are found at the site during the construction period during the "wet" work. High humidity in the room combined with low temperature on the street leading to abundant moisture condensation on double-glazed windows, Contiguity slope-frame and bound themselves windows. Especially in the case of wooden windows in contact with the condensate in the weeks and months, can lead to irreversible damage to structures. But the problem with the condensate water until the appearance of mold and fungus damage to the walls may appear and after repair in the inhabited apartments. Let's try to understand why such a problem may arise.
How does the moisture in the room?
The premises are divided into dry and wet.
To include wet kitchen, bathroom and, oddly enough, the bedroom.
Kitchen - water vapor occurs when cooking.
Bathroom - with washing, washing and drying laundry.
Bedrooms - each person during sleep provides (exhales) from 1 to 2 liters of water.
Loss of moisture is particularly intense in the bedrooms, the air temperature which is lower than in other areas, as is customary, for example, in Germany. The condensate thus falls on the window and on the side of furniture, facing the outer wall.
In the wild, even in the absence of people in an empty apartment are the sources of moisture: plants, pets and themselves elements of the interior (furniture, linens, rugs, etc.), which because of its porous structure accumulate some moisture liberated by the tenants and then release it in their absence.
Source vlagoobrazovaniya Number moisture
A person at rest, 40 g / h
Man, busy farm 90 g / h
A flower in a pot (Avg size) 10 g / h
Cooking and cleaning, washing 1000g/chas
Washer 300 g / hour
Shower / bath 2600 g / h
The free water surface of 200 g / hour
Great influence on the humidity in the room is also air temperature: not by chance humidity is "relative". And it is precisely correlated with air temperature. As shown by theoretical calculations and practical measurements (if we talk about human life of normal temperature), if you change the air temperature at 1 ° C, relative humidity is changed to 5%. Lowering the temperature at a constant amount of moisture in the air, increasing the relative humidity. That is, if the room was 18 ° C and humidity 50%, then at 17 ° C, humidity is of 55%, and at 16 ° C - over 60%! For us, all is not secret, as it is now heat our homes. The majority of apartments are now holding the thermometer in the grades 15 - 17 ° C.
Conclusion: Provide adequate ventilation during and after periods of separation of moisture and do not place furniture against the outside wall.
The need for ventilation.
Air circulation is extremely important because it allows to remove from the premises carbon dioxide, cigarette smoke, steam, kitchen odors, odors of animal origin, volatile substances secreted furniture and building materials, etc.
When burning natural gas or propane - butane gas cylinders formed from carbon dioxide and water (water vapor). In case of insufficient ventilation, carbon dioxide in the air is growing rapidly, and the oxygen content decreases.
Lack of oxygen intake can lead to incomplete combustion of gas and, consequently, the formation of highly toxic carbon monoxide (CO). The concentration of carbon dioxide in the air in the amount of 1.0% leads to a deterioration of well-being and shortness of breath, a further increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide a threat to human life. The content of CO2 in the air should not exceed 0,1-0,2%. Lowering the oxygen content from 21.0% to 16.0% leads to oxygen starvation and effects similar to those which occur during the high content of CO2. Water vapor formed during combustion of gas, laundry, cooking, drying clothes or watering the plants, increases the humidity and also harmful to human health.
Excessive moisture and high content of CO2 and create conditions for the development of mold, appearing as black spots in the cool and wet poorly ventilated areas. Thus, the elimination of moisture, air purification and enrichment of the oxygen necessary for the process of respiration, it is very important to ensure the comfort of the room.
Conclusion: The intensive ventilate and dry the space.
What is the dew point and why windows are crying?
The appearance of moisture on the window is always associated with moisture in the room, the temperature indoors and outdoors and insulating glass features. Outset that we have in mind right for the mounting of windows.
The dew point - the temperature at which air, having a baseline temperature and relative humidity, no longer able to absorb moisture. Therefore the moisture falls in the form of condensate on the surface in a room whose temperature is below the so-called "dew point". Typically, the coldest surface in the room is the surface of window glass.
Comfortable for a person moisture is 45-60%, with a humidity and temperature in the room 20? C dew point at which the condensate can fall on the glass, will be 7,5-9 ° C. The importance of dew point temperature increases with increasing humidity.
Relative humidity
internal air,% Temperature
dew point, tp, ° C outside air temperature,
at which the loss
condensation on the glazing
1950 7,5 - 16,4
1955 8,8 - 12,4
60 10,2 - 7,5
65 11,4 - 3,6
70 12,4 - 0,3
The old woodwork was natural ventilation due to micro cracks in the joints, where in and out residual moisture. When PVC windows that moisture had nowhere to go and it falls in the form of droplets on the surface, the temperature below the dew point.
Conclusion: This problem can be solved by frequent ventilation of the premises.
Ventilate the premises has the following objectives:
* Update the used and saturated with carbon dioxide air;
* Removal from the premises of harmful substances, which are formed, for example, in the presence of open flame (gas stoves, boilers, fireplaces), or while smoking;
* Removal of odors and other airborne substances (eg: the sweat, the smell when cooking, etc.);
* Reduction in the number of spores inhaled air different fungi;
* Regulation of air temperature;
* Reduce high humidity associated with human activity.
How effectively and without great loss of heat can ventilate the room? In practice, there are several methods to ensure adequate ventilation of premises:
1. Prolonged ventilation through the window, slit or opening the windows.
In this case, the window opens only partly and the exchange of indoor air has been slow. Especially in the winter time this type of ventilation can not be used for a long time during the day. In this form of ventilation heat losses are large and the volume of air replaced many times greater than its required amount. In the window of the slope surface of the structure is cooled so much that these places you can observe the formation of condensate. In the cold months of the year (from November to March) the exchange of air is amplified by a large temperature difference inside and outside the premises. The exchange of air, ie complete replacement of the old room air to a new, performed within 30-75 minutes.
2. Intensive airing on the principle of "windows wide open."
When using these types of ventilation by rapid exchange of indoor air. This window is fully open and almost all the air inside the room varies within 4-10 minutes. Effect of significant cooling designs, as in the previous method of ventilation is not observed, as the impact of cold air on the inside of the premises on a short time.
In the case of ventilation when open and window and door, is achieved even better results. At the same time all the windows in the house and the doors are opened wide open, and the house reigns draft. The exchange of air is carried out within 2-4 minutes.
From the above it becomes clear the importance of all the functions of ventilation in modern windows, and accordingly, high value individual choice configuration window and its accessories in accordance with the functionality of the room where the window will be installed.
Consider a few examples.
The stairwells, lobbies, garages, basements, warehouses or attic does not belong to the intensively heated rooms, and they can use the principle of long-term ventilation.
Using the swing-out windows or folding transoms in this case would be optimal. Highly placed transom easily manage remote framuzhnogo opener. Transom easily opened by pressing the lever or the serial changes in the angle of opening doors - with the help of the rotational "propeller" mechanism, or to ensure the highest comfort - folding scissors with electric PRIMAT-compakt, beautiful shape and easy to install, open the transom itself. The width of the opening varies from 190 to 300 mm.
For installation in a residential area's most popular window in Europe is a swing-out: it is simple, almost automatic production of standard profiles provided for many years the domination of the market. However, the air through the window can be done in two ways: long-term - in a folding position and intensity - when the door is open, but to open it to remove all items from the window sill and have enough free space in the room to open door is not hindered. Typically, such a provision for ventilation nobody uses.
The best solution for the optimal airing is-over window. For intensive aeration is not necessary each time to remove all the window sill, an open door does not and has living space. For such windows, has developed a special accessories TORNADO using which we can provide adjustable ventilation in the room of any size, changing the angle of opening doors. Thus there is a separation of air flow, and the room ventilated by one impulse, without heat loss, resulting in prolonged ventilation. Used warm air goes through the upper hole in the window, and fresh cold fills the room through the bottom, completing the cycle of air exchange.
-Over window combines advanced technology, elegant appearance, optimal functionality and comfort in use. With a single pen box easily opens and closes properly. High load capacity hardware design allows large windows up to 200 kg and maximum dimensions 2200h2700 mm - it is desirable big window with good views and the ability to supply the room with fresh air. For washing windows easily rotated 180 ° inside the premises. To prevent accidental rotation, for example in the nursery, established special limiting scissors.
In offices where the workplace is especially felt the limitations of space, but the air intake may need to ventilate the area with parallel-sliding window, simply by moving it aside. Universal parallel-sliding, folding furniture ATRIUM HKS allows tilting window for long-term ventilation and fully open the window opening for intensive ventilation. To exit to the garden or on the terrace recommended parallel-sliding doors ATRIUM HKS. They can provide free access to 4 m, and at the same door flap does not interfere and does not violate the design space. Accessories installed on the standard types of profiles, but it allows several times to increase the functionality of windows. The special detail - this pen with a built-in lock provide special protection from opening windows in children.
No comments:
Post a Comment